Comprehensive Characterization and Bioactivity Assessment of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using <i>Chrysanthemum indicum</i> Leaf Extract

Bionanotechnology is the synthesis of environmentally friendly, biosynthetic nanomaterials by combining nanotechnology and biotechnology. Chrysanthemum indicum leaf extract in aqueous medium was used in the presented research work to produce titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles using a dependable and environmentally friendly method. The TiO₂ nanoparticles derived from C. indicum were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The diesel degradation activity of the TiO₂ was evaluated, showing a significant reduction in diesel concentration (8%) after a 10-day incubation period. Furthermore, TiO₂'s hemolytic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties were highlighted. Cubical-shaped nanoparticles with an even distribution were found by SEM analysis. When compared to standard drugs, the biosynthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles demonstrated hemolytic potential, anti-inflammatory (albumin denaturation assay), antidiabetic, and antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay) properties. These results imply that TiO₂ nanoparticles function as advantageous biological agents and are crucial to the bioremediation process. Due to the great potential of TiO₂ nanoparticles, the notable characteristics of biosynthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles suggest their potential useful applications in the biodegradation field in the future.