Integration and legal model of alternative energy development: the EU experience

The paper is devoted to a detailed analysis of the most successfully functioning model of legal regulation of relations in the field of alternative energy — a model that has developed within the EU. At the supranational level, integration associations are currently implementing various regulatory requirements to facilitate the transition to low-carbon energy sources, including renewable energy targets and specialized legislation addressing climate change. Companies operating in the renewable energy sector should navigate the relevant regulations to avoid potential legal challenges. At the same time, the European Union has the most successful experience in regulating relations in connection with stimulating the production of energy from renewable sources. The EU is characterized by comprehensive legal regulation combined with a trend towards uniformity, which is manifested due to the growing adoption of regulations as a key source of regulation of relevant legal relations. At the same time, at the EU level, there is a differentiation of legal regulation of the use of alternative energy sources depending on the area where they are used (sea transport, air transport, etc.). In many respects, this differentiation is dictated by the need to ensure compliance with the current environmental and climate legislation of the EU. The authors emphasize that the combination of a unified approach and differentiated regulation in the field of alternative energy can serve as the basis for the development of relevant legislation of the Russian Federation and integration associations with its participation, including the EAEU, as well as the CIS.