The Impact of Digitalization on the Formation of new Business models in Electronic Commerce: Analysis and Trends

Introduction: This study explores the transformative impact of digitalization on e-commerce business models, focusing on the role of technological advancements, financial strategies, and sustainability initiatives. It aims to analyze the evolution of e-commerce models, assess the integration of emerging technologies, and address challenges such as cybersecurity risks, data privacy, and ethical concerns.Methods: A systematic literature review and thematic analysis were conducted, guided by PRISMA methodology. Data were collected from peer-reviewed articles, industry reports, and case studies published between 2019 and 2023. The review focused on technological innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and big data analytics, along with their financial and operational implications.Results: The analysis identified key trends, including the rise of innovative business models like drop shipping, subscription services, and platform-based ecosystems. Technologies such as AI and blockchain were found to enhance customer engagement, operational efficiency, and financial sustainability. However, significant challenges persist, including cybersecurity threats, algorithmic biases, and compliance with data privacy regulations. Additionally, sustainability practices, such as carbon-neutral shipping and ethical sourcing, have gained traction, aligning with consumer expectations and regulatory demands.Conclusions: E-commerce businesses must strategically adopt digital technologies, address ethical and security challenges, and integrate sustainability into their operations to remain competitive and socially responsible. The findings provide actionable insights for businesses and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of balancing innovation with ethical and sustainable practices to thrive in the digital age.