Hierarchical Governance and School Operational Fund Allocation for Educational Quality: A Bibliometric Analysis of SDGs 4 Implementation

Objective: This study aims to analyze the development of research related to the topic of "Hierarchical Governance" and its implications for managing school operational funds as one way to improve the quality of education, in line with the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 4. Method: This study uses a qualitative method with a bibliometric analysis approach. The data used are secondary data with the theme "Hierarchical Governance" which comes from the Dimension database with a total of 181 journal articles. Then, the data is processed and analyzed using the VosViewer application to find out the bibliometric map of the development of "Hierarchical Governance" research in the world. Results and Discussion: The results of the study found that in bibliometric author mapping the authors who published the most research with the theme "Hierarchical Governance" were Rangoni B; Chobotová V; Meuleman L: David P; He Y; Kwon S; Howlett M; Collins R; Wang H; Gao Y; and Ito T. Furthermore, based on bibliometric keyword mapping, there are 5 relevant clusters, namely Metagovernance and Hierarchical Governance, Company and Hierarchical Governance, Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) Model and Hierarchical Governance, Pandemic Response Coordination and Hierarchical Governance, and Governance Mechanism Performance and Hierarchical Governance. Research Implications: Furthermore, the most widely used keywords are hierarchy, market, country, firm, development, relationship, uncertainty, and company, illustrating the relationship between hierarchical governance and various contexts. Originality/Value: These findings provide important insights into developing more effective hierarchical governance, especially in optimizing school distribution and operations. This is useful for supporting the improvement of the quality of inclusive and equitable education by the SDG 4 target.