Review on parametric building information modelling and forward design approaches for sustainable bridge engineering

This paper reviewed the application of parametric building information modelling (BIM) in bridge engineering, highlighting its contributions to improving workflows, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, enhancing interoperability, and optimizing design processes. It examined how parametric modeling facilitated rapid design exploration and simulation-driven optimization through flexible, rule-based relationships. Case studies illustrated the use of parametric techniques to create customizable bridge components and assemblies, which enhanced decision-making through seamless integration with analysis tools. Furthermore, this study discussed forward design, an emerging trend that improved collaboration efficiency and cost control by establishing early computational definitions, as opposed to following traditional document-driven design methods. It also emphasized the importance of open standards, such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), for information exchange, noting the need to extend these standards for specialized infrastructure domains. Finally, it outlined future research directions, including scalability, multimodal data integration, and generative design, aiming to fully leverage the potential of BIM throughout the lifecycle of bridges.