Clinico observational dermatoscopic study of facial melanosis in a semiurban tertiary hospital in central Bihar

Disorders of hyperpigmentation especially with facial involvement can result in tremendous psycho-social impact and are associated with poor quality of life. Mostly diagnosis is based clinically; the role of histopathology is limited by its invasive nature and reluctance on part of patient to undergo facial biopsy as well. Dermatoscopy is a non-invasive, handy tool, which is increasingly being used in diagnosis and prognostication of pigmentary dermatoses A clinico-observational dermatoscopic study of various facial hyperpigmentary disorders was carried out and their clinical profile were compared. 105 patients attending our Outpatient department were enrolled between Jan 2020 to March 2021 with their informed written consent. Dermlite Dl4w in polarised mode was used. Clinical history was elicited and noted : Female patients outnumbered male overall. Melasma was highest followed by post inflammatory hyperpigmentation among all cases. In our study, we found reticuloglobular followed by annular pattern to be most common dermatoscopic findings. Dermatoscopy is important tool for differentiating various facial melanosis.It can be helpful in differentiating benign from malignant condition and melanocytic from non-melanocytic lesions. Prognosis can be explained and adverse effects of therapy can be easily monitored and prevented. Best available therapy can be planned accordingly