Key steps in the assembly and characterization of the sphere and graphene surfaces in the precision measurement of the Casimir force from graphene

In this paper, we have performed precision Casimir force measurements based on the custom built dynamic Atomic Force Microscope-based setup using specialized highly sensitive cantilevers and well characterized Au-coated spheres and graphene. We discuss the steps in the preparation of the specialized cantilever-sphere system that we have developed over two decades. Some of the material characterizations such as the roughness of the sphere and chemical parameters of graphene are also presented.