Digital Competence of Arabic-Speaking Immigrant and Refugee Older Adults Enacting Agency and Navigating Barriers: Qualitative Descriptive Study

Immigrant and refugee older adults require support to navigate digital barriers and gain digital competence. Smartphones serve as a critical tool for enhancing digital agency, which can lead to greater social connectedness and improved access to local resources in older age. The findings will inform the design of future digital competence programs for older migrants, emphasizing community partnership and reciprocal learning.