Haploinsufficient phenotypes promote selection of PTEN and ARID1A-deficient clones in human colon
Cancer driver mutations are defined by their high prevalence in cancers and presumed rarity in normal tissues. However, recent studies show that positive selection in normal epithelia can increase the prevalence of some cancer drivers. To determine their true cancer-driving potential, it is essential to evaluate how frequent these mutations are in normal tissues and what are their phenotypes. Here, we explore the bioavailability of somatic variants by quantifying age-related mutational burdens in normal human colonic epithelium using immunodetection in FFPE samples (N = 181 patients). Positive selection of variants of tumour suppressor genes PTEN and ARID1A associates with monoallelic gene loss as confirmed by CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis and changes in their downstream effectors. Comparison of the mutational burden in normal tissue and colorectal cancers allows quantification of cancer driver potency based on relative representation. Additionally, immune exclusion, a cancer hallmark feature, is observed within ARID1A-deficient clones in histologically normal tissue. The behaviour resulting from haploinsufficiency of PTEN and ARID1A demonstrates how somatic mosaicism of tumour suppressors arises and can predispose to cancer initiation.
Authors
- Kate Marks (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2753-6238)
- Sam Adler
- Richard Kemp (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-7709)
- Matthias Zilbauer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7272-0547)
- Shenay Mehmed (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2178-618X)
- Douglas J. Winton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6067-7927)
- Cecilia Lindskog (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5611-1015)
- Cora Olpe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-018X)
- Edward Morrissey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1021-5358)
- Francesca Perrone
- Chandra Sekhar Reddy Chilamakuri
- David S. Tourigny (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-8078)
- Anne-Claire Girard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1331-6411)
- Nefeli Skoufou-Papoutsaki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3251-0553)
- Jodi L. Miller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6870-204X)
- Fabian Werle
- Claire Tume
- Elisa B. Moutin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9029-1520)
Institutions
- Uppsala University (SE)
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Wellcome/MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- John Radcliffe Hospital (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (GB)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- EMBO Reports
- Published
- 2025-02-07
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-025-00373-0
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.42
Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Cancer Research UK
- Medical Research Council
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge