Negative emotional states and metabolic disorders in arterial hypertension in coal industry workers

Introduction. Arterial hypertension, due to its prevalence and severity of complications, is one of the leading causes of disability of the working population. Psychosocial factors, including negative emotional states, are recognized as independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between negative emotional states and arterial hypertension in miners of coal enterprises remains poorly understood. The study aims to consider the relationship of negative emotional states and metabolic disorders with arterial hypertension in coal mining workers. Materials and methods. The scientists examined 313 employees of coal enterprises with occupational diseases using questionnaires: DS14 to determine psychological distress type D, Spielberger-Khanin to establish the level of personal and situational anxiety and the N.I. Vlakh questionnaire to determine subdepression. The diagnosis of arterial hypertension was established in accordance with the clinical recommendations "Arterial hypertension in adults". Results. The incidence of arterial hypertension among the surveyed miners was 30.9%. The authors found in patients with stage 1 hypertension an increase in the frequency of overweight to 80% (p<0.01; RR=2.57; CI=1.24–5.35) and an increase in the frequency of overweight to 87.9% (p<0.001; RR=3.99; CI=1.88–8.45), fasting hyperglycemia up to 53.4% (p<0.001; HR=2.67; CI=1.7–4.18), triglyceride levels up to 63.6% (p<0.005; RR=2.16; CI=1.32–3.54) in arterial hypertension of the 2nd and 3rd stages. The frequency of negative emotional states among patients with arterial hypertension of stage 1 had no significant differences compared with those with normal blood pressure figures. Among the examined patients with arterial hypertension of the 2nd and 3rd stages, the authors observed an increase in the frequency of personal anxiety to 40.8%, psychological type D — to 58.9%, subdepression — to 32.4% and situational anxiety — to 23.1%. The reliability of differences in the frequency of negative emotional states in the group with normal blood pressure and hypertension of the 2nd and 3rd stages has not been established. Limitations. The study is limited to a sample of 313 miners with occupational diseases and arterial hypertension who were treated at the Clinic of the Scientific Research Institute of Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Conclusions. The authors revealed a significant increase in the frequency of overweight in stage 1 hypertension in coal industry workers. With arterial hypertension of stages 2 and 3, there is a significant increase in the frequency of overweight, fasting hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. There are no significant differences in the frequency of negative emotional states in patients with stage 1 arterial hypertension and those with normal blood pressure figures. With arterial hypertension of stages 2 and 3, there is a tendency to increase the frequency of personal anxiety, subdepression, situational anxiety and psychological distress type D. Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with the Ethical Principles of conducting medical research with human participation in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association "Ethical Principles of conducting medical research with human participation as a subject" as amended in 2013.