Late Onset Hypocalcemia and Hypovitaminosis D in Neonates from Maternal Hypovitaminosis D

Hypocalcemia, characterized by low blood calcium levels, poses serious risks, particularly for neonates and pregnant women. Maternal calcium and vitamin D deficiencies during pregnancy can hinder fetal skeletal development and increase neonatal hypocalcemia risk, especially in premature infants or those born to diabetic mothers. Studies highlight a high prevalence of neonatal hypocalcemia linked to inadequate maternal supplementation, underscoring the importance of calcium and vitamin D during pregnancy. Understanding maternal and neonatal calcium-vitamin D balance is essential for developing preventive strategies to ensure healthy neonatal growth. This case report explores recurrent hypocalcemia and hypovitaminosis D in neonates born to vitamin D-deficient mothers. A 1 month-old boy with hypovitaminosis D and a history of recurrent hypocalcemia since one week of age. The patient had repeated seizures at the age of 6 days without fever and hypoglycemia, the overall physical examination was within normal, the results of the lumbar puncture were within normal limits. Laboratory examinations at that time showed low of serum calcium, urinary calcium, calcium ion and vitamin D levels, while magnesium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were within normal limits. The patient was given vitamin D therapy, calcium lactate, and intravena calcium correction was performed. The case highlights maternal vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and hyperglycemia during pregnancy as contributing factors. Adequate prenatal care, nutritional support, and vitamin D supplementation for mothers are critical to preventing neonatal complications. Family education and multidisciplinary care are essential for managing hypocalcemia and ensuring long-term health outcomes. Keywords: Seizures; hypocalcemia; hypovitaminosis D; neonates; maternal