Paving the way for biochar production, supply chain, and applications toward a sustainable future

Biochar, which results from biomass pyrolysis in the absence of oxygen, has been considered a beneficial substance that can enhance environmental benefits. This paper discusses its manufacturing, issues, and uses while focusing on the circular economy aspect. In the past, biochar was used to enhance soil fertility and water treatment; nowadays, it is used for the supply of energy, cleaning up pollutants, and construction materials. The use of new feedstocks like algae and invasive plant species enhances its production and applications. In addition, with the help of digital technology, the biochar supply chain has been improved, thus making it productive and efficient. Biochar emerges as a key factor and beneficiary of green technology advancements that have catalyzed applications in batteries and supercapacitors within energy storage systems. Furthermore, biochar can play a role in the sequestration and reuse of greenhouse gases as well as the reduction of pollution to the environment. Lastly, this research provides an overview of how biochar production and usage, in the face of global environmental challenges and dilemmas, should be enhanced and developed to support sustainable industrialization. • Biochar’s applications are expanding into new areas toward a sustainable future. • Innovative feedstocks enhance biochar’s efficiency in capturing pollutants. • Digital technologies optimize the biochar supply chain, reducing costs and emissions. • Biochar has potential as a sustainable material for energy storage. • Biochar contributes to pollution control within the circular economy framework.