Squamous Cell Carcinoma Linked to Prosthodontic-Dental Irritation: A Case Report

Today, oral cavity cancers present a significant public health challenge due to their aggressiveness, the complex burden of their management, and their high mortality rate.Over 90% of these cancers are oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), which develop in the mucosal lining of the oral cavity [1] The prevalence is higher among men than women.The main risk factors are dominated by alcohol and tobacco use.Other risk factors include chronic irritation.Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents a major public health concern due to its significant mortality and morbidity.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), this type of cancer accounts for approximately 95% of cancers affecting the lip, oral cavity, and pharynx.This high prevalence highlights the considerable impact of this disease on public health, requiring effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.While traditional risk factors for the development of squamous cell carcinoma include tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, there is growing evidence suggesting that chronic local trauma may also contribute to its onset.Sources of trauma such as ill-fitting dentures, sharp tooth edges, or repetitive biting can lead to continuous irritation of the oral mucosa, potentially triggering a cascade of inflammatory and cellular changes that favor malignant transformation.In Morocco, according to the Cancer Registry of Casablanca Region (2013-2017), a total of 810 new cases were recorded for lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers, which 91.1% were squamous cell carcinomas.Through the presentation of three clinical cases of squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed in our oral surgery department at the Dental Consultation and Treatment Center in Casablanca, this report aims to outline the diagnostic features of epidermoid squamous cell carcinoma to promote early detection and ensure optimal care for patients.