A recent confirmation of the wide binary gravitational anomaly

ABSTRACT Concerning recent published studies exploring the presence or otherwise of a gravitational anomaly at low accelerations in wide binary stars as observed by the Gaia satellite, the paper published by Cookson on the subject last year presents an interesting case. In that study, RMS values of binned relative internal one-dimensional velocities for wide binaries are compared to Newtonian predictions for that quantity, with the author concluding that the data presented show no indication of any inconsistency with Newtonian expectations. However, the comparison presented is critically flawed, as the Newtonian predictions used refer to wide binaries with mean total masses of 2.0 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot }$. This is larger than the 1.56 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ value which applies to the data used in said paper. In this short note, we correct the error mentioned above and show that the data and error bars as given by Cookson are in fact inconsistent with Newtonian expectations. Contrary to the assertion in that study, the data presented there actually show a clear anomaly in the low acceleration gravitational regime, with the overall slope of the velocity-separation scaling being inconsistent with Newtonian expectations at a 3.3$\sigma$ level. Based on the data presented in the paper by Cookson, wide binary systems show a clear Milgromian deviation from Newtonian dynamics.

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Publication Details

Journal
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Published
2025-02-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf210
Citations
8
Primary Topic
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
9.24
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article

A recent confirmation of the wide binary gravitational anomaly

Pavel Kroupa, X. Hernández
8 citations
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
9.24
article

A recent confirmation of the wide binary gravitational anomaly

Pavel Kroupa, X. Hernández
article en
8 citations

Abstract

ABSTRACT Concerning recent published studies exploring the presence or otherwise of a gravitational anomaly at low accelerations in wide binary stars as observed by the Gaia satellite, the paper published by Cookson on the subject last year presents an interesting case. In that study, RMS values of binned relative internal one-dimensional velocities for wide binaries are compared to Newtonian predictions for that quantity, with the author concluding that the data presented show no indication of any inconsistency with Newtonian expectations. However, the comparison presented is critically flawed, as the Newtonian predictions used refer to wide binaries with mean total masses of 2.0 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot }$. This is larger than the 1.56 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ value which applies to the data used in said paper. In this short note, we correct the error mentioned above and show that the data and error bars as given by Cookson are in fact inconsistent with Newtonian expectations. Contrary to the assertion in that study, the data presented there actually show a clear anomaly in the low acceleration gravitational regime, with the overall slope of the velocity-separation scaling being inconsistent with Newtonian expectations at a 3.3$\sigma$ level. Based on the data presented in the paper by Cookson, wide binary systems show a clear Milgromian deviation from Newtonian dynamics.

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyVol. 537(3)
University of Bonn (DE), Charles University (CZ), Czech Academy of Sciences, Astronomical Institute (CZ), Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
Openalex Percentile: Top 2%
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
9.24
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