Histo-morphometric study on ovary of Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Wistars Albino Rats treated with Cynodon dactylon.

PCOS is a reproductive disorder with an incidence of 4%–10% worldwide, and in India, it ranges from 20%–26%. The menstrual cycle for a female begins at puberty, from 10 to 16 years, and ends at menopause at 51 years of age. It lasts from 21 to 35 days, with an average length of 28 days. C. dactylon is distributed all over the world in temperate and subtropical regions. C. dactylon has been proven to have antilipidemic, hepatoprotective, and antidiabetic properties.Materials & Method: The study was conducted at JKK Munirajah Medical Research Foundations College of Pharmacy, Tamil Nadu, after obtaining institutional animal ethical clearance. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were used, divided into 4 groups, each with 6 animals: the control group, induced (PCOS) group, Letrozole group, referral (Metformin) group, and treatment group (C. dactylon). For the first 21 days, the animals were treated with Letrozole to induce PCOS, and for the subsequent 22 to 42 days, the animals were treated with C. dactylon and Metformin. On day 42, the animals were sacrificed, and the ovaries were collected, processed for histopathological examination, and observed under a microscope. The morphometric values of the ovaries were noted and analyzed for mean and standard deviation using SPSS software.Result: In the treatment group, the number of follicles was increased, the number of follicular cysts was reduced, and the area of the corpus luteum was smaller compared to that of the referral and induced groups.Conclusion: The study concludes that C. dactylon has a good therapeutic effect in treating PCOS.