Rhythms and shifts of chemokines and cytokines interplay in a decade lifespan: The longitudinal community-based Bambuí health and aging study

Aging is associated with several physiological changes, including a remarkable remodeling of the immune system. Herein, the rhythms and shifts in serum immune mediators were characterized in a decade lifespan as a longitudinal community-based prospective investigation from Bambuí Health and Aging Study. The study population included paired samples from 713 subjects survivors from the original BHAS cohort and at 10-years Follow-up, categorized into 5-years age range intervals (60-64^Yrs towards 90 + ^Yrs). Quantification of soluble mediators were carried out by Cytometric Bead Array. The results demonstrated a rhythmic increase in serum immune mediators, especially CXCL9, CXCL10, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF following the aging process, particularly at age intervals 70-74^Yrs and 85-89^Yrs. More prominent fold change magnitudes were observed for TNF (27.64×), CXCL9 (2.40×), IL-1β (2.20×), IL-6 (1.47×), and CXCL10 (1.26×). On the other hand, analysis of integrative networks showed a waning in the correlation numbers between immune mediators in a decade lifespan and a shift of connectivity from chemokines at Enrollment towards cytokines at 10-years Follow-up. Cross-correlation approaches revealed that CXCL9, CXCL10, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were placed in the innermost position, underscoring the higher contribution of these mediators along aging. Overall, these findings re-emphasize the impact of aging in the dynamic profile of serum immune mediators, highlighting the shift of selective mediators and their rhythmic signatures across chronological aging.