Efficient fabrication of polyamide–quartz wrapped yarns with enhanced wear resistance and mechanical properties

The high brittleness of ceramic fibers represents a significant bottleneck that restricts the performance of these materials. In this study, to improve the performance of quartz yarn, high wear resistance polyamide–quartz wrapped hybrid yarns were prepared using a hollow-spindle spinning process, with polyamide filaments as the outer layer. The influence of the wrapped structure and wrapping density on the wear resistance and tensile properties of the hybrid yarn were studied in detail. Compared with the single-wrapped structure, an X-type double-wrapped structure, with opposing twist directions, significantly reduced friction damage to the quartz core yarn. When the wrapping density for both single- and double-wrapped yarns was set to 400 twists/m, the tensile properties of the polyamide–quartz wrapped yarns reached optimal performance, with the breaking load of the hybrid yarn increased by 14.57% and 11.80%, respectively, compared with the quartz yarn. These aforementioned polyamide–quartz hybrid yarns, when utilized to produce high wear-requiring materials, such as specialized sewing threads, exhibit excellent wear and break resistance, significantly broadening the application possibilities for quartz yarns.