İklim Değişikliğinin Tarım ve Hayvancılığa Etkileri

This study aims to the effects of climate change on agriculture and livestock and the measures to be taken to reduce these effects. Climate change is defined as long-term and permanent changes in the climate systems on earth, and is expected to have significant effects on temperature increase, sea level rise, extreme weather events, biodiversity loss, human health, agriculture and water resources. The main reasons for these changes include greenhouse gases accumulated in the atmosphere due to fossil fuel use and human activities that lead to the reduction of forest areas. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions disrupt climate systems and increase the frequency of extraordinary weather events.Total greenhouse gas emissions in our country in 2022 were calculated as 558.3 million tons (Mt) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq.), decreasing by 2.4% compared to the previous year. 71.8% of these emissions were energy-related, 12.8% agriculture, 12.5% industrial processes and product use, and 2.9% from the waste sector. Changing climate conditions due to increasing greenhouse gas emissions negatively affect agricultural and livestock activities, causing product shortages, loss of yield, decrease in farmer incomes and increase in rural poverty. It also leads to increase in production costs and food prices. In order to prevent these negativities, it is vital to comply with the targets and actions aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.