The Evolving Landscape of Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Research & Precision Medicine: Emerging Trends, Challenges and Opportunities

Artificial Intelligence (AI) incorporates a broad spectrum of technologies and methodologies that utilized mathematical algorithms to replicate human cognitive functions, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving and decision making. The remarkable expansion of AI over the past decade highlights its potential advantages, particularly through the global adoption of Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Explainable AI and Generative AI. This evolution highlights the transformative potential of AI across various sectors, particularly in healthcare, where it is poised to revolutionize patient care and medical research. This review focused on uncovering the impact of AI in cancer research and precision medicine, where AI technologies are being integrated with cancer biology to enhance the understanding of disease and improve treatment outcomes. The merging of AI with cancer research allows for the analysis of complex biological data, enabling researchers to identify patterns and correlations that may not be immediately apparent through traditional methods. For instance, AI algorithms can process genomic data, clinical records, and imaging studies to uncover insights into tumor behavior, treatment responses, and patient prognoses. Moreover, current review also emphasized on improving AI models, addressing clinical integration challenges and ensuring unbiased access for all cancer patients. These efforts could significantly enhance cancer diagnosis, treatment and outcomes, leading to a new era of precision oncology. Key words: Artificial Intelligence, Cancer Research, Precision Medicine