Application of Methanol and Nitrogen on Yield Components and Phytochemical Compounds in Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Plant Under Drought Stress

The purpose of this study was to investigate black cumin responses to nitrogen and methanol applications under water stress conditions. The factors were 4 levels of drought stress (no stress, irrigation at 80%, 60% and 40% soil capacity), nitrogen with 4 levels (control, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha) and methanol with 3 levels (0, 10 and 30%). The results showed that yield was significantly affected by main effects and interactions. The extreme dryness of the components reduced the yield and yield of the grain. Methanol spray improved these traits under dryness. The highest yield (715.4 kg/ha) was achieved by consuming 90 kg/ha of nitrogen and 10% methanol in normal irrigation. In severe dryness, the treatment of 10% methanol without nitrogen caused the highest yield (702.03 kg/ha). In terms of biochemical compounds, mild drought produced the most carvacrol (4.78%) and p-cymene (28.96%) in Tehran and the most thymoquinone (36.77%) and p-cymene (27.58%) in Zanjan. This study showed that methanol spraying and nitrogen consumption have a positive effect on yield components of black cumin plant.