American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana): Genomic Analysis of Emerging New Strains

Background: This study presents the first molecular characterization of Periplaneta americana from the Jeddah region of Saudi Arabia, utilizing DNA barcoding for accurate species identification. Methods: DNA was extracted from 30 specimens using the Thermo Scientific GeneJET Genomic DNA Purification Kit and amplified with universal primers LCO 1490 and HCO 2198, producing a 700-800 bp band. Result: Sequencing revealed two accession numbers, JQ267485.1 and KM576926.1, showing 96-100% and 92-96% similarity to P. americana, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis using MEGA7 confirmed the species’ identification, adding novel genetic data to the global repository. The study aligns with previous findings on the genetic diversity of P. americana, highlighting the species’ complexity and evolutionary relationships within Blattaria. The morphological identification of various life stages corroborates existing literature but emphasizes the need for detailed oothecae characterization in the region. This comprehensive approach, combining molecular and morphological methods, demonstrates the efficacy of DNA barcoding in pest identification and supports enhanced pest management strategies. By filling a critical gap in the genetic documentation of P. americana in Saudi Arabia, this research contributes valuable insights for future studies and control measures aimed at mitigating the impact of this urban pest.