UXsim: lightweight mesoscopic traffic flow simulator in pure Python

Car traffic plays an essential role in today's cities.However, it faces severe issues such as time loss due to congestion, accidents, and environmental pollution.Proper traffic planning and control are necessary to solve these issues.Traffic flow simulators are powerful engineering tools for such purposes.By using traffic flow simulators, one can test and optimize traffic plans or control strategies before implementing them in the real world.Furthermore, traffic flow simulators can be used for pure academic or scientific experiments to investigate the complex physics of traffic flow.UXsim is a pure Python package for traffic flow simulation that is suitable for simulating a wide range of scenarios, from simple toy networks to large-scale (e.g., city-wide) traffic phenomena.It computes dynamic traffic flow in arbitrary road networks with arbitrary travel demands.For example, it can simulate how traffic jams evolve in a city, how people reroute to avoid them, and how traffic management schemes can improve the situation.