Hygroscopic cycle for enhanced water efficiency in thermal power plants

Abstract This article presents a methodology for calculating the potential for water savings when replacing the Rankine cycle with the hygroscopic cycle in power plants. The savings were analyzed in thermal power plants with different generating units (diesel, gas, steam, and combined cycle), different cooling systems (seawater open cycle, adiabatic cooling, and cooling tower), and in different climatic zones. The results indicated a maximum average saving of 1.83 m 3 /MWh. The considerable water savings serve to reinforce the case for the implementation of HCT, particularly in regions characterized by arid climates and water scarcity. A reduction in water consumption, coupled with the prevention of the return of hot water to sensitive ecosystems, can serve as effective mitigation strategies for environmental problems. Moreover, the minimal water consumption required for this process makes it feasible to construct thermal power plants and generate electricity in regions with limited water resources. The HCT approach facilitates the generation of energy in regions previously deemed unsuitable for thermal power plants, thereby representing a significant advancement in economic and developmental terms for these areas.