Influencia del mindfulness en la regulación del estrés crónico para un desarrollo integral del ser humano

Chronic stress in humans is a silent condition that contributes to the development of physiological alterations, which can lead to disease. Among the pathologies associated with chronic stress are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, metabolic and inflammatory disorders. These, in turn, are linked to the development of metabolic syndrome, obesity, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes. A relationship has also been identified with certain psychotic and neurodegenerative disorders, as well as some types of cancer. Given the clinical, social, and mental significance of chronic stress, various interventions exist to mitigate it, among which mindfulness-based programs have proven effective in reducing chronic stress across different populations. The objective of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the physiology of stress and chronic stress and to explain how the latter affects humans, from systemic alterations to central imbalances (such as memory, learning, and emotional dysregulation). Additionally, this review aims to delve into the origins and foundations of mindfulness practice and its contribution as a health intervention. Keywords: Mindfulness; regulation; chronic stress; brain; human physiology.