Development of Data Compression Techniques for IoT Data Transmission in Isolated Aquaculture Using LoRa Through LoRaWAN Gateway Antares Telkom

Aquaculture in remote areas challenges significant monitoring due to limited internet access. This research develops and implements an IoT communication system using LoRa RFM95W module, ESP32 microcontroller, and Telkom's LoRaWAN Gateway Antares for efficient and reliable sensor data transmission. LoRa operates in the 920–923 MHz band which offers long-range communication with low power consumption and is ideal for remote IoT applications. Class A LoRaWANare selected for power efficiency and an optimal Spreading Factor (SF) is chosen to balance coverage, data rate and power consumption. Data compression techniques are applied to minimize data loss, reduce data size, optimize bandwidth usage and ensure real-time data integration. Experiments with various compression algorithms and distances showed that the unishox2 algorithm achieved the best compression ratio, capable of transmitting data sizes of up to 347 bytes with minimal signal loss on SF9.