Research on Distributed Database Synchronization Mechanism in Edge Computing Environment

Challenges like network latency, bandwidth limitations, and varied node resources are encountered by distributed databases in edge computing environments. This paper examines a distributed database synchronization mechanism for edge computing to enhance synchronization efficiency and maintain data consistency. It suggests an optimized design involving the weak consistency model and adaptive synchronization frequency adjustment. By building mathematical models and conducting performance tests, the performance of the synchronization mechanism under different network conditions was evaluated, and the advantages of the adaptive synchronization mechanism in key indicators such as synchronization delay, data consistency, and bandwidth utilization were verified. Experimental results show that this mechanism can significantly reduce synchronization delays, improve bandwidth utilization, and maintain low consistency errors under dynamic network conditions, and is especially suitable for edge computing nodes with limited resources. In addition, through practical application cases of intelligent traffic management systems, the effectiveness and application value of the optimization mechanism are further proved. The research in this article provides theoretical support and technical solutions for distributed database synchronization in edge computing scenarios, which helps to improve the data management efficiency and reliability of the system.