Optimization methods for construction schedules to enhance project efficiency

This article examines modern methodological developments in the field of construction schedule optimization as a tool to improve the management efficiency of related projects. The relevance of the topic is justified by the urgent need to adapt traditional planning approaches to the realities of digitalization, the growth of project scales, and the complexity of infrastructure design. The aim of the study is to systematize and characterize approaches that ensure the minimization of time and resource costs (without compromising the quality of construction work). Following a review of contemporary scientific literature, discrepancies have been identified regarding the choice of optimal methods for different types of projects: on one hand, research shows high effectiveness of automated technologies (such as 4D BIM), while on the other hand, their implementation is often significantly limited by economic and organizational determinants. The conclusion is made that successful optimization actions in this area require the integration of classical methods (CPM, PERT) with adaptive algorithms and mathematical models. The author's contribution lies in the formulation of recommendations for improving the efficiency of construction schedules (a specific sequence of actions is proposed, taking into account both external and internal challenges). The materials presented will be useful for project managers, engineers, and researchers focused on improving the efficiency of construction processes.