Fast Fourier Transform-Based Distribution of Relaxation Times Analysis for Efficient and Flexible Time-Domain Electrochemical Impedance Characterization

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful analytical technique offering broad frequency range and straightforward implementation. However, low-frequency measurements are constrained by lengthy acquisition times and potential disruption of steady-state conditions. While the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) can accelerate impedance acquisition and interpret EIS data, current approaches are limited to pulse signals and their linear combinations. Herein, we present a novel, fast Fourier transform-based DRT formulation for rapid EIS acquisition with arbitrary signals and DRT deconvolution. Our approach demonstrates computational efficiency and improved DRT recovery, advancing opportunities for fast, efficient EIS characterization.