Enhanced nanolaser power for metamaterial waveguide using Bragg reflector and PSO algorithm

Abstract This work enhanced the laser output power from a nanolaser device utilizing an InGaAsP waveguide. We added the DBR structure to the meta-waveguide gain strips with 14 waveguides. Then, we used the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to improve the dimensions, especially the meta-WG’s width and the DBR structure’s x, y, span, and period dimensions. From this new design, we obtained an increase in the output laser power in both the backward and forward directions, respectively, as the value of the increase in the backward direction reached ten orders of magnitude, meaning an output power of 2 mW. In comparison, it increased the laser output power in the forward direction by 2.61 orders of magnitude, indicating an output power value of 0.7 mW. This increase was achieved while maintaining the original device dimensions and operating at room temperature.