Dynamic processes of magmatism and the associated mineralization

<p indent="0mm">Magma is the main carrier for transferring materials and energy from the interior of the mantle to the shallow level of the Earth. There is often accompanied by significant mineralization in the process from its formation, migration, to its cooling. Previous researches had mainly focused on the compositional evolution of magma and the partitioning and enrichment of elements of the magma. However, recently, we are witnessing a paradigm shift from researches on the traditional melt-dominated magma chamber model to those on the transcrustal mush-dominated magmatic reservoir systems. In this paper, we have firstly introduced dynamic processes of mafic-ultramafic magmatism and related magmatic deposits based on a physical perspective, then elaborated on the variation patterns of the density and dynamic viscosity of silicate melts and magmas and their main controlling factors, subsequently reviewed the magmatic convection, replenishment, and mixing processes occurred within the melt-dominated magma chambers, as well as the dynamic processes involved in the mush-dominated magmatic reservoir, such as mush compaction, magmatic compositional convection, magmatic replenishment activation, and reactive melt flowing, in order to reveal the physical mechanisms governing the migration and accumulation of ore-forming materials in the dynamic magmatic system. finally listed the possible ore-forming dynamic processes of the magmatic deposits such as Ni-Cu sulfide deposits, podiform chromite deposits and the layered chromite and magnetite deposits within the layered intrusions.