Proximal Knee Ganglion Cyst: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies

Ganglion cysts are commonly encountered benign lesions, primarily localized near the wrist and hand but occasionally observed in the lower extremities. These cysts, characterized by their encapsulation in dense connective tissue, typically present with minimal symptoms, albeit occasionally causing discomfort or limited mobility. Herein, a unique case of a ganglion cyst in the posterior distal lower extremity is presented, located near the popliteal neurovascular structures and without any connection to the knee joint. Given the critical proximity to neurovascular structures and the patient's mild symptoms, a non-surgical approach was favored. Ultrasound-guided aspiration coupled with cortisone injection yielded effective symptom relief, underscoring the efficacy of conservative management. This case underscores the distinctive extra-articular location of ganglion cysts and the importance of a thorough risk-benefit assessment in determining the optimal treatment strategy.