Analysis of Principals Distributed Leadership Practices at Secondary School Level: A Perceptual Stance of Secondary School Teachers

The present study aimed to investigate the perceptual stance of teachers regarding principal-distributed leadership practices at the secondary school level. Positivism research philosophy was applied. Thus, survey research was employed. A sample of 351 SSTs was selected from four districts (D.I. Khan, Bannu, Lakki Marwat, and Tank) by using a stratified sampling method. Yamane's (1967) formula was applied to determine the representative sample size. An adapted scale, known as the Distributed Leadership Readiness Scale (DLRS), was developed by the Connecticut Department of Education and based on Elmore's (2000). The Content Validity Index (CVI) was utilized by the researcher to evaluate the content validity, whereas the reliability of the instrument was estimated by using Cronbach's Alpha, which was estimated at .835. The researcher used an independent sample t-test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied. The result of the study indicates that male school heads engaged teachers in different school activities, such as decision-making processes, community practices, and professional development activities, compared to female school heads. The study concluded that principals who were more qualified and experienced engaged teachers in school activities as compared to those principals who were less qualified and less experienced. The study recommended that the government may arrange workshops for principals regarding distributed leadership and may try to implement it in schools to uplift the quality of education.