Myographic pattern of patients with TMJ dysfunction and bilateral terminal defects of the dentition

Treatment of patients with bilateral terminal defects of the dental arches requires a comprehensive approach to restore the functional activity of the masticatory apparatus. Dental implantation is currently an actual treatment method to fill the defects of dental rows. The electromyography (EMG) method allows us to determine the condition of the masticatory muscles, their functional activity, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. Objective: To study electromyographic changes in patients with bilateral terminal defects of the dental arches, combined with dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), before and after dental implantation followed by prosthetics on implants. Material and methods. The study included 60 patients who underwent dental implantation using navigation templates. Electromyography was performed before treatment and 7 days after temporary prosthetics according to the delayed loading protocol using. Results and discussion. The preliminary electromyographic study showed predominance of temporal muscles activity over masticatory muscles before treatment. After treatment, a significant increase in electromyographic activity of the masseter muscles was noted, indicating restoration of their functional activity with preservation of temporal muscle performance indices, respectively. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted study, characteristic EMG and graphs of changes in electromyographic indices of patients with TMJ dysfunction and bilateral terminal defects of the dental arches were obtained before and after treatment using dental implantation and temporary prosthetics. A significant improvement in the functional activity of the masticatory muscles after the treatment was confirmed.