Optimized Design of Microstrip LoRa Antenna at 920-923 MHz Using DGS and Slit Methods for Enhanced Performance

This paper presents the optimized design of a rectangular microstrip LoRa antenna operating at 920-923 MHz, utilizing both slit and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) techniques to enhance performance. The initial design achieved a return loss of -16.76 dB and a gain of -0.05 dBi at 921.5 MHz. However, after optimization using the slit and DGS combination, the antenna performance improved significantly. The return loss was reduced to -18.3 dB, and the gain increased to 0.76 dBi, demonstrating enhanced signal transmission with minimal power loss. Additionally, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) was optimized to 1.27, indicating excellent impedance matching. This study shows that combining slit and DGS techniques is an effective approach to optimizing the performance of microstrip antennas for long range IoT communication systems, such as LoRa, ensuring high efficiency and reliable connectivity.