The Impact of Transceiver IQI on RIS-Assisted OFDM-IM over η-μ Fading Channels

Wireless transceivers are subject to hardware impairments (HWI) that cause significant performance losses in practice. In-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) imbalance, or IQI, is a source of frequency interference that also impairs the linearity of modulation and demodulation within transmission systems. Conversely, index modulation (IM) techniques breathe new life into data transmission. Additionally, the transmission of data to the receiver utilising the index of the chosen active subcarrier set, enabled by IM techniques, is an additional capability afforded by Orthogonal Frequency Multiple Access (OFDM)-based systems. Nevertheless, the deployment of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) for the administration of the propagation environment has the potential to enhance signal quality, given that it improves the system’s overall performance. This paper examines the performance analysis of the RIS-assisted OFDM-IM techniques with IQI over eta-mu ($\eta-\mu$) fading channel environment such as One-sided Gaussian, Rayleigh, Hoyt and Nakagami- m distributions and system designs suitable for 5 G and beyond (5GB) communication technologies are realized. The findings of the computer simulations are displayed in order to illustrate the adverse effects of IQI over a fading channel of the type described by the model of $\eta-\mu$. The average bit error rate (ABER) under the impact of IQI is analyzed and the RIS has been shown to exhibit a notable improvement on system performance under the effects of IQI over different channel situations.