Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna Using PIN Diode and Rectangular Truncated Elements

The capability to change antenna polarization has become essential for ensuring polarization compatibility in various depolarization scenarios. This research focuses on the reconfigurable polarization technique, which represents in antenna design. A suitable method for modifying the polarization of the antenna element must be identified to provide reconfiguration. A rectangular patch featuring a truncated structural configuration and a reconfigurable four PIN diode was presented for an antenna element addressing the previous issue. The findings, which are novel and exciting, indicate that the suggested reconfigurable structure can adjust the element polarization and exhibit strong performance across diverse polarization. The switching mechanism for circular polarization (left-hand and right-hand) achieves an axial ratio of 2.04 at 3.5 GHz. The switching method for linear polarization (vertical and horizontal) achieves an axial ratio of 40 dB at 3.5 GHz. Based on the simulation results obtained, the desired polarization can be generated using the proposed method and antenna design at 3.5 GHz, marking a novel discovery in the field of antenna design.