Training Specialists in Water Resources in Russia: Typology of Educational Programs

This article provides a typology of higher education educational programs in the field of water resource management. Data for the study were obtained from the statistical reporting form “VPO-1” for 2017-2023. Data processing and analysis were performed using the pandas, numpy, matplotlib, seaborn, sklearn libraries for the general-purpose Python programming language. To determine the typology of regions, the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) clustering method was used. Clustering was performed for the entire period from 2017 to 2023 according to the parameters of the number of applicants and admitted students, resulting in three models. The training of specialists in the field of water resources is structured and hierarchical, encompassing three mainstream educational tracks implemented at both the bachelor's and master's levels: "Environmental management and water use," "Aquatic bioresources and aquaculture," and "Water transport management and hydrographic support of navigation." All three models feature only one bachelor's degree program: "Environmental Management and Water Use", implemented in Moscow in 2021 in official state universities. According to the first model, it is classified as “traditional”, according to the second - as “popular”, according to the strings - as “growing popularity”. Typology of training programs of a regional nature. All three economic models represent programs either from regions where water management is an important part (Astrakhan region - 2 programs and Krasnodar Territory - 1 program), or implemented in Moscow and St. Petersburg, which confirms the centripetal dynamics of the Russian economy that determines advanced research. Higher education systems. Consequently, St. Petersburg is not only a second educational center but also a region with a developed economy in the field of water resources due to its access to the Baltic Sea.