APPLICATION OF SEXED SEMEN IN DAIRY CATTLE

The state and level of reproduction, including cattle, in modern changing conditions indicates the need to revise the main directions in the work on artificial insemination. The problems that have arisen due to the reduced integration of foreign technologies into our livestock farming and the artificial restriction of access to innovative technologies dictate the need for a careful assessment of existing problems and the search for opportunities to solve them. It is necessary to restore and create our own production base with the introduction of existing developments and the development of foreign experience in the field of artificial insemination to obtain offspring with a certain given sex. An integrated approach is needed to solve emerging problems. This is not only the provision of adequate feeding and exercise for reared heifers, bringing them to the anatomical and physiological parameters for insemination at 13–14 months, but also the development of a more advanced - accelerated technology for separating X- and Y-sperm with minimal negative effects that reduce quality indicators. It is important to understand the properties of sexed sperm obtained by various technological methods; there is also a need for methods for assessing it at different stages in the separation process and the effectiveness of insemination, taking into account the influence of various external negative production factors during use. Possible methods for assessing and separating viable sperm from those unsuitable for use, before preparation and after separation, are considered. Possible directions for the development of technology are reflected, taking into account existing scientific domestic and foreign developments. Available information is provided on the technological stages of the already used process of sexing the sperm of farm animals and its production evaluation. The features of using such sperm to obtain high fertility of animals in industrial animal husbandry are highlighted.