DEVELOPMENT DYNAMICS OF THE CATTLE BREEDING INDUSTRY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA

The purpose of research is to study the dynamics of development and the current state of the cattle breeding industry in the Republic of Khakassia to provide the population with milk and meat of their own production. The results of monitoring the number of cattle, gross production of meat and milk, average milk yield per cow per year, meat and milk production per capita in the region are presented. Research was carried out in 2000–2021, the data studied is presented by categories of farms of various forms of ownership. It is noted that cattle breeding is one of the leading livestock sectors in the region. Over the past twenty years, the total number of cattle has increased by 37.1 thousand heads (27.6 %), including cows by 9.7 thousand (15.5 %), gross beef production by 0.8 thousand tons (8.4 %), milk by 6.4 thousand tons (5.2 %). Agricultural organizations currently account for only 11.7 % of beef and 19.7% of milk from their gross production. The average milk yield per cow increased by 1.8 times and amounted to 3637 kg of milk per year, including in agricultural organizations it increased by 3.3 times and amounted to 4431 kg. Milk production per capita in Khakassia in 2021 amounted to 246.3 kg, beef – 19.4 kg, the region's supply of own-produced milk was 75.8 %, beef – 97.0 %. The region has the necessary resources for the development of the industry: the presence of agricultural land of 1911.9 thousand hectares, including 826.4 thousand hectares of pastures, types of beef cattle have been created (Sonsky, Andrianovsky) adapted to local feeding and climatic conditions. An increase in milk and meat production must be achieved through an increase in the number of cattle in agricultural organizations and peasant (farm) farms, improvement of existing breeds and types, strengthening the food supply and a scientific approach to feeding and keeping animals.