The Effects of Salinity on Aquatic Plant Growth in Ethiopia

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of salinity on aquatic plant growth in Ethiopia. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Salinity negatively impacts aquatic plant growth in Ethiopia, reducing seed germination, photosynthesis, and nutrient uptake, leading to stunted growth. Studies in the Awash River Basin and Rift Valley lakes show that high salt levels cause osmotic stress, ion toxicity, and oxidative damage, weakening freshwater plants like papyrus and water hyacinth. Adaptive strategies, such as salt-tolerant species, better water management, and riparian afforestation, are essential for ecosystem restoration. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Osmotic stress theory, ion toxicity and selectivity theory & salt tolerance mechanism theory may be used to anchor future studies on the effects of salinity on aquatic plant growth in Ethiopia. Practical experiments using hydroponic systems and controlled salinity environments should be conducted to optimize plant growth in brackish and saltwater conditions. Governments and environmental organizations should establish clear guidelines for salinity thresholds in aquatic ecosystems to safeguard biodiversity and freshwater resources.