Alterations in Hematological Parameters and Liver Function Test with Respect to Severity of Dengue in Pediatric Population

Background and Objectives: Dengue is an arboviral mosquito-borne infection prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of dengue on pediatric hematological and hepatic parameters and to explore their association with the disease's progression. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics at SMGS Hospital in Jammu. We evaluated 100 patients under 18 years of age who were clinically diagnosed with dengue fever. Detailed hematological parameters (TLC, hematocrit, platelet count) and liver function tests (AST, ALT) were assessed. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study. Among these, 82 patients were diagnosed with dengue fever, 13 with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and 5 with dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Out of the 100 patients in the study, 70 presented with thrombocytopenia of which 39 had mild thrombocytopenia, 20 had moderate, and 11 had severe thrombocytopenia. Liver function tests revealed elevated ALT and AST levels in 86 and 95 patients, respectively. A statistically significant association was found between the degree of thrombocytopenia and transaminitis with disease severity. Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia and increased transaminases are significant markers for gauging the severity of dengue infection. Key words: ALT, AST, DF, DHF, DSS