Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients affected by endometriosis: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional online survey

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted the management of chronic conditions, particularly endometriosis. This study aims to analyze the effects of the pandemic on the quality of life among women with endometriosis under the care of an academic referral center in Italy. Methods: Conducted from June to October 2020, this observational study utilized an online survey to assess various health dimensions. The participants included women with a confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis whose clinic appointments were cancelled, and new ones were difficult to schedule due to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. The online questionnaire comprised 117 questions designed to evaluate chronic pelvic pain, quality of life, and psychological impacts using validated scales such as SF-12, HADS, EHP-5, and PSQI. Results: A total of 105 participants completed the online questionnaire. It was found that pandemic-related disruptions in healthcare services exacerbated symptoms of endometriosis, increased pain levels, and heightened psychological distress among participants. Specifically, 23.8% of patients reported increased pain due to delays in medical consultations and treatments caused by the pandemic. Results indicated significant correlations between higher levels of anxiety, depression, and deteriorated physical and mental health. The analysis revealed that pandemic-related stress and disruptions in routine care were significant predictors of worsened symptoms and overall health status in patients with endometriosis. Conclusion: The study underscores the need for integrated care approaches that address both the physical and psychosocial aspects of endometriosis, especially during healthcare crises. Enhanced support and resources are essential to mitigate the impact of such disruptions on chronic disease management and improve the quality of life for those affected.