Nonsimilar Solutions for Williamson Nanofluid Flow Influenced by Chemical Reactions due to Generated and Absorbed Heat by Finite Element Method

The chemical reactions occurring in the fluid may have a substantial impact on its temperature, composition and rheological properties. Researching the consequences of endothermic and exothermic reactions may help us understand how flow dynamics and heat transport mechanisms interact with them. It is important to comprehend this for applications that use reactive fluids like chemical reactors and combustion processes. In view of this, the present study investigates the unsteady Williamson nanofluid flow over a vertically stretched sheet with the significance of mixed convection, interfacial layer and endothermic/exothermic chemical reactions. The reduced set of modeled partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the nonsimilar transformations. The reduced ODEs are solved by employing the finite element method (FEM). The heat transport rate is increased by approximately 4–6% in a nanofluid flow. The influence of several dimensionless factors on the flow, temperature and concentration profiles is shown visually. Results reveal that an upsurge in the endothermic/exothermic reaction parameter increases the velocity. The increased Williamson fluid parameter decreases the velocity profile. The rise in activation energy parameter improves the concentration and decreases the temperature. The rise in endothermic/exothermic reaction parameter upsurges the temperature.