CHARACTERISTICS AND STRATEGIC IMPLEMENTATION OF LOW-CARBON INITIATIVES IN SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA: INSIGHTS FROM KEY STAKEHOLDERS

This study highlights the critical challenges faced by Shah Alam, such as rapid population growth driven by urbanization and economic development. This surge has intensified traffic congestion, reflecting the city’s burgeoning economic prominence through the expansion of its industrial areas. Addressing these issues necessitates sustainable urban planning strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and ensure the well-being of residents amid continued growth. The study aims to (i) determine the characteristics of a Low Carbon City in Shah Alam and (ii) explore the strategic initiatives required to achieve impactful low-carbon urban development. The study utilized a qualitative methodology, focusing on expert interviews to investigate characteristics and initiatives related to low-carbon cities. Six key informants, chosen for their expertise in low-carbon city projects, participated in both face-to-face and online interviews to address the study objectives effectively. Thematic analysis of the interviews provided detailed insights into the characteristics and initiatives of Shah Alam's Low Carbon City. Findings reveal that the characteristics of low-carbon cities are based on five main elements: energy, water, waste, mobility, and greenery. These elements were measured to determine whether an area has achieved carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions. The Low Carbon City (LCC) initiative in Section 14, Section 1, and Section 5 of Shah Alam has led to a reduction in GHG emissions since the baseline years of 2015 and 2017. Additionally, community cooperation was found to be crucial in advancing low-carbon city efforts. The research concludes that Shah Alam continues to make efforts to reduce carbon emissions, evidenced by the reductions achieved during the implementation of the LCC initiative.