OPTIMIZATION OF DYNAMIC MODES OF MOTION OF CONSTRUCTION MECH-ANISMS AND (CRAWLER) MACHINES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT LINEAR RE-SISTANCE PROPORTIONAL TO THE SPEED OF DISPLACEMENT

The paper substantiates the methodology of optimization of dynamic modes of motion of construction mech-anisms and tracked machines taking into account linear resistance proportional to the speed of movement of the object in the operating environment. To optimize the mode of motion, usually single criteria reflecting certain properties of construction mechanisms and crawler machines or complex criteria reflecting the com-plex of their properties are used. The optimal mode of motion, which leads to minimization of force loads in the drive mechanism, is determined on a physically justified basis. For this purpose, a generalized integral dynamic criterion for the motion coordinate is formulated in the form of the criterion action by Appel, in which the component of the resistance force proportional to the mechanism/machine speed is taken into ac-count. The use of methods of classical variational calculus allows us to establish the optimal values of the main dynamic characteristics of the movement of construction mechanisms and crawler machines, laws of such movements, at which minimize during the period of start-up (braking, reversing) the amount of load on the drive mechanism of the machine. The results obtained in the work can be further used to clarify and im-prove engineering methods of calculation of motion characteristics of construction machines (in particular, with crawler) and mechanisms both at the stages of their design/construction and in the modes of real opera-tion, in transient processes (start-up, braking, reversing, etc.) in order to create favorable (energy-saving and accident-free) conditions of their functioning.