Research on the Tunable Optical Alignment Technology of Lidar Under Complex Working Conditions

Lidar technology is pivotal for detecting and monitoring the atmospheric environment. However, maintaining optical path stability in complex environments poses significant challenges, especially regarding adaptability and cost efficiency. This study proposes a tunable optical alignment method that is applied to the Rotating Rayleigh Doppler Wind Lidar (RRDWL) to enable precise detection of mid-to-upper atmospheric wind fields. Building on the conventional echo signal strength method, this approach calibrates the signal strength using cloud information and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), enabling stratified and tunable optical alignment. Experimental results indicate that the optimized RRDWL achieves a maximum detection height increase from 42 km to nearly 51 km. Additionally, the average horizontal wind speed error at 30 km decreases from 11.3 m/s to 4.4 m/s, with a minimum error of approximately 1 m/s. These findings confirm that the proposed method enhances the effectiveness and reliability of the Lidar system under complex operational and diverse weather conditions. Furthermore, it improves detection performance and provides robust support for applications in related fields.