Numerical Simulation and Optimization Study on the Flow Field Characteristics of a Double-Slot Spillway

To investigate the flow characteristics of a novel dual-slot overflow channel, a research approach integrating physical experiments and numerical simulations was adopted. A three-dimensional model of the overflow channel was developed, employing the RNG k-ε turbulence model and the VOF two-phase flow model to optimize the numerical simulation of the high-low dual-slot flow field. Physical experiments were conducted to verify and analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the high-low overflow channel, including the longitudinal water surface profile and flow patterns. The numerical simulation results aligned well with the physical model test results. By analyzing the flow field of the dual-slot counterflow spillway, the flow characteristics at both the spillway and outlet sections were identified. This study focused on the water surface profile along the spillway, the pressure distribution, and the counterflow characteristics of the protruding water tongue, and explored optimization strategies for the WES surface and spillway design. Physical model tests were conducted on the final optimized design, yielding good agreement between the theoretical predictions and experimental results, thereby confirming the feasibility of the energy dissipation methods for both high and low spillways. The research outcomes offer valuable references for related engineering applications.