Integrative assessment of hydrogen-natural gas mixtures in energy grids: An overview of the H2SAREA project experience

This paper presents the results of the H2SAREA project, which focuses on integrating hydrogen (H2) into the existing natural gas (NG) distribution network, with blends of up to 20%. A key component of the project was the H2Loop testing platform, built using ex-service materials and components to realistically assess the impact of hydrogen on current systems and components. The investigation covered several critical areas, including gas injection and blending, network capacity, leak detection, gas pressure regulation station (GPRS) performance, valve and meter functionality, materials compatibility, permeation testing, and gas deblending. Results show the feasibility of safely injecting up to 20% hydrogen into the existing system, offering valuable insights to guide the transition of gas distribution networks toward a hydrogen-based energy future. • Large scale distribution facility (H2Loop) operated successfully for 12,000+ hours with up to 20% H2 in natural gas. • Network confirmed capable of handling 20% hydrogen-natural gas mixtures. • Suitability of deblending technology, materials, components and domestic appliances. • Project supports repurposing gas infrastructure for up to 20% hydrogen. • Findings advocate hydrogen as a key component in future energy strategies.