Dynamics of inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems and their effect on entrepreneurial intentions among transgenders: role of psychological capital and entrepreneurial education

Purpose Neglected communities, such as transgender individuals in developing nations like Pakistan, face substantial barriers to economic participation due to diverse economic and social conditions. This study aims to explore the role of inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems in enhancing entrepreneurial intentions among these communities, emphasizing the mediating role of psychological capital and the moderating effect of entrepreneurial education. Design/methodology/approach Using social cognitive theory and the theory of planned behavior, the research adopts a questionnaire survey methodology with a sample size of 308 to gather data from transgender individuals engaged in or interested in entrepreneurship. The analysis was conducted using AMOS and SPSS software. Findings The results show that inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems directly enhance psychological capital but do not significantly affect entrepreneurial intentions unless psychological capital acts as a mediator. Entrepreneurial education does not illustrate a significant moderating effect on the connection between inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems and entrepreneurial intentions. Originality/value These findings highlight the significance of psychological resources in transforming environmental supports into entrepreneurial action, proposing significant insights for policymakers and educators to foster more inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems aligned with sustainable development goals. This study contributes to the discussion on entrepreneurship among underserved populations and demonstrates the vital role of personalized educational and environmental supports in developing economic participation.