A Multicenter, Randomized, Clinical Trial Assessing the Effect of rTG-Omega 3 Supplementation on Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Patients after Cataract Surgery rTG-Omega 3 for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> To investigate the effectiveness of re-esterified triglyceride form of omega 3 (rTG-omega 3) on patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) after cataract surgery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This multicenter, randomized, investigator-blinded, clinical study was conducted between June 2021 and March 2023 and enrolled 107 patients with MGD who had undergone cataract surgery within 3 months at seven sites across South Korea. Patients were randomly assigned to rTG-omega 3 group or a control group. We compared (1) tear film break-up time (TBUT) (s), (2) corneal fluorescein staining score [National Eye Institute/Industry (NEI) scale], (3) conjunctival fluorescein staining score (NEI scale), (4) strip meniscometry (SM) tube score (mm), (5) MGD stage, (6) MG quality, (7) MG expressibility, (8) Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) score, and (9) Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores at baseline and 6 and 12 weeks. <b><i>Results:</i></b> TBUT, corneal fluorescein staining score, and SM tube score were significantly improved in the rTG-omega 3 group compared with control group (<i>P</i> = 0.005, <i>P</i> = 0.003, and <i>P</i> = 0.0049, respectively). Subjective questionnaire responses were also improved significantly (SPEED score, <i>P</i> = 0.022; OSDI score, <i>P</i> = 0.0011). MGD parameters were not significantly different. However, during subanalysis, significant improvements in MG quality and expressibility were observed in the MGD stage 4 group with rTG-omega 3 supplementation (<i>P</i> = 0.0177 and <i>P =</i> 0.0205, respectively). <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> rTG-omega 3 supplementation facilitated improvements in both objective and subjective parameters. In particular, MG quality and expressibility were significantly improved in the severe MGD group.